220 research outputs found
DFCV: A Novel Approach for Message Dissemination in Connected Vehicles using Dynamic Fog
Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) has emerged as a promising solution for
enhancing road safety. Routing of messages in VANET is challenging due to
packet delays arising from high mobility of vehicles, frequently changing
topology, and high density of vehicles, leading to frequent route breakages and
packet losses. Previous researchers have used either mobility in vehicular fog
computing or cloud computing to solve the routing issue, but they suffer from
large packet delays and frequent packet losses. We propose Dynamic Fog for
Connected Vehicles (DFCV), a fog computing based scheme which dynamically
creates, increments and destroys fog nodes depending on the communication
needs. The novelty of DFCV lies in providing lower delays and guaranteed
message delivery at high vehicular densities. Simulations were conducted using
hybrid simulation consisting of ns-2, SUMO, and Cloudsim. Results show that
DFCV ensures efficient resource utilization, lower packet delays and losses at
high vehicle densities
Hybrid-Vehcloud: An Obstacle Shadowing Approach for VANETs in Urban Environment
Routing of messages in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) is challenging due
to obstacle shadowing regions with high vehicle densities, which leads to
frequent disconnection problems and blocks radio wave propagation between
vehicles. Previous researchers used multi-hop, vehicular cloud or roadside
infrastructures to solve the routing issue among the vehicles, but they suffer
from significant packet delays and frequent packet losses arising from obstacle
shadowing. We proposed a vehicular cloud based hybrid technique called
Hybrid-Vehcloud to disseminate messages in obstacle shadowing regions, and
multi-hop technique to disseminate messages in non-obstacle shadowing regions.
The novelty of our approach lies in the fact that our proposed technique
dynamically adapts between obstacle shadowing and non-obstacle shadowing
regions. Simulation based performance analysis of Hybrid-Vehcloud showed
improved performance over Cloud-assisted Message Downlink Dissemination Scheme
(CMDS), Cross-Layer Broadcast Protocol (CLBP) and Cloud-VANET schemes at high
vehicle densities
Stable Dynamic Predictive Clustering (SDPC) Protocol for Vehicular Ad hoc Network
Vehicular communication is an essential part of a smart city. Scalability is
a major issue for vehicular communication, specially, when the number of
vehicles increases at any given point. Vehicles also suffer some other problems
such as broadcast problem. Clustering can solve the issues of vehicular ad hoc
network (VANET); however, due to the high mobility of the vehicles, clustering
in VANET suffers stability issue. Previously proposed clustering algorithms for
VANET are optimized for either straight road or for intersection. Moreover, the
absence of the intelligent use of a combination of the mobility parameters,
such as direction, movement, position, velocity, degree of vehicle, movement at
the intersection etc., results in cluster stability issues. A dynamic
clustering algorithm considering the efficient use of all the mobility
parameters can solve the stability problem in VANET. To achieve higher
stability for VANET, a novel robust and dynamic clustering algorithm stable
dynamic predictive clustering (SDPC) for VANET is proposed in this paper. In
contrast to previous studies, vehicle relative velocity, vehicle position,
vehicle distance, transmission range, and vehicle density are considered in the
creation of a cluster, whereas relative distance, movement at the intersection,
degree of vehicles are considered to select the cluster head. From the mobility
parameters the future road scenario is constructed. The cluster is created, and
the cluster head is selected based on the future construction of the road. The
performance of SDPC is compared in terms of the average cluster head change
rate, the average cluster head duration, the average cluster member duration,
and the ratio of clustering overhead in terms of total packet transmission. The
simulation result shows SDPC outperforms the existing algorithms and achieved
better clustering stability
A Survey on Congestion Control and Scheduling for Multipath TCP: Machine Learning vs Classical Approaches
Multipath TCP (MPTCP) has been widely used as an efficient way for
communication in many applications. Data centers, smartphones, and network
operators use MPTCP to balance the traffic in a network efficiently. MPTCP is
an extension of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), which provides multiple
paths, leading to higher throughput and low latency. Although MPTCP has shown
better performance than TCP in many applications, it has its own challenges.
The network can become congested due to heavy traffic in the multiple paths
(subflows) if the subflow rates are not determined correctly. Moreover,
communication latency can occur if the packets are not scheduled correctly
between the subflows. This paper reviews techniques to solve the
above-mentioned problems based on two main approaches; non data-driven
(classical) and data-driven (Machine Learning) approaches. This paper compares
these two approaches and highlights their strengths and weaknesses with a view
to motivating future researchers in this exciting area of machine learning for
communications. This paper also provides details on the simulation of MPTCP and
its implementations in real environments.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figure
Blockchain-based Security Framework for Critical Industry 4.0 Cyber-physical System
There has been an intense concern for security alternatives because of the
recent rise of cyber attacks, mainly targeting critical systems such as
industry, medical, or energy ecosystem. Though the latest industry
infrastructures largely depend on AI-driven maintenance, the prediction based
on corrupted data undoubtedly results in loss of life and capital. Admittedly,
an inadequate data-protection mechanism can readily challenge the security and
reliability of the network. The shortcomings of the conventional cloud or
trusted certificate-driven techniques have motivated us to exhibit a unique
Blockchain-based framework for a secure and efficient industry 4.0 system. The
demonstrated framework obviates the long-established certificate authority
after enhancing the consortium Blockchain that reduces the data processing
delay, and increases cost-effective throughput. Nonetheless, the distributed
industry 4.0 security model entails cooperative trust than depending on a
single party, which in essence indulges the costs and threat of the single
point of failure. Therefore, multi-signature technique of the proposed
framework accomplishes the multi-party authentication, which confirms its
applicability for the real-time and collaborative cyber-physical system.Comment: 07 Pages, 4 Figures, IEEE Communication Magazin
How Can Optical Communications Shape the Future of Deep Space Communications? A Survey
With a large number of deep space (DS) missions anticipated by the end of
this decade, reliable and high capacity DS communications systems are needed
more than ever. Nevertheless, existing DS communications technologies are far
from meeting such a goal. Improving current DS communications systems does not
only require system engineering leadership but also, very crucially, an
investigation of potential emerging technologies that overcome the unique
challenges of ultra-long DS communications links. To the best of our knowledge,
there has not been any comprehensive surveys of DS communications technologies
over the last decade. Free space optical (FSO) technology is an emerging DS
technology, proven to acquire lower communications systems size, weight, and
power (SWaP) and achieve a very high capacity compared to its counterpart radio
frequency (RF) technology, the current used DS technology. In this survey, we
discuss the pros and cons of deep space optical communications (DSOC).
Furthermore, we review the modulation, coding, and detection, receiver, and
protocols schemes and technologies for DSOC. We provide, for the very first
time, thoughtful discussions about implementing orbital angular momentum (OAM)
and quantum communications (QC) for DS. We elaborate on how these technologies
among other field advances, including interplanetary network, and RF/FSO
systems improve reliability, capacity, and security and address related
implementation challenges and potential solutions. This paper provides a
holistic survey in DSOC technologies gathering 200+ fragmented literature and
including novel perspectives aiming to setting the stage for more developments
in the field.Comment: 17 pages, 8 Figure
Towards safer roads through cooperative hazard awareness and avoidance in connected vehicles
© 2017 IEEE. Roadway safety is a serious public health issue. Vehicle crashes on the roads and highways cost loss of lives and damages to properties. Technology exists today to help identify and respond quickly to crashes, which is specially critical in rural areas. A feature that enables a car to warn its driver against an eminent crash or to recommend the proper speed based on traffic and weather conditions is much needed in todays Internet of Things (IoT) era. Connected Vehicle (CV) technologies are contributing towards fulfilling this need. In this paper, we present a safety driving system through a cooperative hazard awareness and avoidance (CHAA) system based on V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle) and V2I (vehicle-to-infrastructure) communications. Our approach is based on DSRC-based V2V communications. It aims to alert drivers and recommend the proper speeds for vehicles that are approaching a hazardous zone due, for instance, to low visibility conditions. We also validate the proposed hazard alert and speed recommender system under various scenarios through simulations using the iTetris platform and SUMO simulator and we demonstrate its outperformance, compared to a regular environment, in terms of risk reduction and road safety efficiency. To this end, we have adapted iTetris by updating some of its existing features (like the Geo-broadcast routing capability) which is another contribution of this paper
- …